Ifa laseYurophu lezakhiwo liwubuciko obulukwe phakathi nenkulungwane yeminyaka, bubonisa uchungechunge olubanzi lwezinkathi zamasiko nomnyakazo wobuciko.Kusukela ebuhleni bakudala beGreece neRoma yasendulo kuya emasontweni amaGothic ayinkimbinkimbi, i-whimsical art nouveau, kanye nemigqa ethambile yesimanjemanje, inkathi ngayinye ishiye uphawu olungacimeki endaweni eyakhiwe yezwekazi.Lo mlando ocebile awunakuhlukaniswa kusukela ekuklanyweni kwendlu yaseYurophu, kuhlanganise neyodwa yezindawo zayo eziseduze kakhulu: indlu yokugezela.
Ngokomlando, igumbi lokugezela laseYurophu laliyindawo esetshenziswayo, ehlukene nezindawo zokuhlala ezinomsoco.Isikhathi sama-Victorian sabona ukuvela kokunethezeka kwegumbi lokugezela, ngokwethulwa kwezinto ezihlotshisiwe kanye nenkolelo yenhlanzeko njengento ebalulekile yokuziphatha.Lokhu kwavula indlela yemiklamo yokugezela yomuntu siqu futhi ecacile, eyaqala ukukhombisa izitayela ezibanzi zezakhiwo zezindlu.
Ngemuva kweziMpi Zomhlaba ezimbili, iYurophu yaba nesikhathi sokwakhiwa kabusha kanye nesimanje.Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 kwaba nokudlondlobala kwe-modernism, eyagwema ukuhlobisa kanye nezinkomba zomlando zesikhathi esidlule ukuze zisebenze futhi zibe lula.Lokhu kunyakaza kwaletha umqondo "wegumbi lokugezela njengendawo yokubalekela," indawo engcwele ngaphakathi kwekhaya yokuphumula nokuzinakekela.Idizayini yegumbi lokugezela yaba ukucabangela okwengeziwe kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu ngamunye, ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe nokunethezeka.
Namuhla, idizayini yokugezela yaseYurophu iyinhlanganisela yesikhathi sayo esidlule esinezingqimba kanye nesimanje sayo esisha.Izinto eziyize zegumbi lokugezela azisalingana-zonke kodwa zenzelwe uhlamvu oluhlukile lwesifunda ngasinye saseYurophu, okubonisa ukuhlanganisa komlando kanye nendlela yokuphila yesimanje.
ENingizimu Yurophu, isibonelo, indlu yokugezela ingase igubhe ukukhanya nombala we-Mediterranean, ngamathayili e-terracotta noma e-mosaic, nezinto eziyize ezinanela imfudumalo namathoni asemhlabeni wezindawo zokuhlala zendabuko zesifunda.Ngokuphambene, eScandinavia, i-design ethos "incane kakhulu," ithanda ubuncane, ukusebenza, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zemvelo.Lapha, amakhabethe okugezela ngokuvamile alula, anemigqa ehlanzekile kanye nephalethi yabamhlophe, amagrey, nezinkuni ezikhanyayo ezivusa imvelo yaseNordic.
I-Europe Emaphakathi, nefa layo le-Baroque ne-Rococo, isabonisa ukuthanda ubuhle nokunethezeka kwangalezo zikhathi kweminye yemiklamo yayo yokugezela, ngokhuni oluningiliziwe kanye nezimpawu zegolide.Kodwa-ke, kukhona futhi ukuthambekela okuqinile kumiklamo ephefumulelwe yi-Bauhaus eyasuka eJalimane, egcizelela ukusebenza kahle nobuhle bezimboni.Izinto eziyize kulawa magumbi okugeza zivame ukuhlaba umxhwele ngobulula bazo, zigxile kumafomu wejometri kanye nomklamo onengqondo.
I-UK inobuhle bayo bokugezela obuhlukile obuvame ukuhlanganisa inhlanganisela yendabuko nesimanje.Izakhiwo zokugezela zesitayela sama-Victorian zisalokhu zithandwa, ngobhavu be-clawfoot kanye nosinki bezinyawo, nokho ziya ngokuya zihlanganiswa nezinsiza zesimanje kanye namakhabethe alula, akonga isikhala ahlalisa amakhaya amancane aseBrithani.
Umthelela ongokomlando ekwakhiweni kwegumbi lokugezela awuwona nje ubuhle kuphela kodwa futhi nobuchwepheshe.Ifa lemisele yamanzi nezindawo zokugeza zaseRoma lihunyushelwe ekugcizeleleni kweYurophu ekusetshenzisweni kwamapayipi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamanzi.Leli fa likhona kubunjiniyela bezinto eziyize zasendlini zangasese, ezihlanganisa ompompi abasezingeni eliphezulu nokonga amanzi.
Ukusimama futhi kuba yingxenye ebalulekile yomklamo wegumbi lokugezela laseYurophu, ekuphenduleni ukukhula kokwazi kwemvelo kwezwekazi.Abakhiqizi baya ngokuya besebenzisa izinto ezigaywe kabusha futhi basebenzise izindlela zokukhiqiza ezilungele imvelo.Ukuklanywa kwezinto eziyize kuvame ukuvumela ukulungiswa nokwenza ngokwezifiso, ukwelula impilo yomkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlukahluka kwezakhiwo zaseYurophu kusho ukuthi umklamo wokugezela kufanele uvumelane nezimo kakhulu.Emafulethini asemadolobheni, lapho isikhala siphezulu kakhulu, izinto eziyize nezakhiwo zivame ukuba nomklamo wemodular ovumela ukuguquguquka nokukhulisa isikhala.Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ezindlini zasemaphandleni noma ezinomlando, idizayini yokugezela ingase idinge ukuhlalisa izindawo ezingajwayelekile, ezidinga i-bespoke cabinetry ehlonipha isakhiwo esikhona.
Kafushane, indlu yangasese yaseYurophu iwukubonakaliswa kwezwekazi elikwazisa kokubili okwedlule nekusasa lalo.Kuyisikhala esivumelanisa izitayela zomlando nezimiso zesimanje zokuklama kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.Izinto eziyize zamagumbi okugeza eYurophu azizona nje izixazululo zesitoreji kodwa zicatshangelwa ngokucophelela izingcezu ezifaka isandla ekulandiseni komklamo wekhaya.Zilinganisa isimo kanye nokusebenza, amagugu, kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha, kuhlanganisa umoya wezakhiwo ohlukahlukene waseYurophu ngaphakathi kwendawo engcwele yendlu yokugezela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2023
